Ocular migraines are temporary visual disturbances that may cause flashes of light, blind spots, or shimmering patterns. These episodes can occur with or without a headache and may affect one eye or both eyes, depending on the type of migraine involved. Most symptoms resolve on their own within 5 to 60 minutes.1
Common Symptoms
Ocular migraines can affect vision in several ways, including:
- Flashing lights or zigzag patterns
- Blind spots or reduced vision
- Shimmering or sparkling visual effects
- Temporary vision loss in one eye
- Headache, nausea, or light sensitivity1,2
Types of Ocular Migraines
Two of the most common types include:
Migraine with Aura – Visual symptoms affect both eyes and may occur before or during a migraine headache.2
Retinal Migraine – A rarer condition that affects only one eye and can cause temporary vision loss or visual disturbances³, such as tunnel vision.2
What to Do During an Episode
If symptoms occur, stop driving or operating machinery and move to a safe location. Resting your eyes and allowing symptoms to pass before resuming normal activities can help prevent injury.2
Understanding Potential Triggers
While the exact cause of ocular migraines is unknown, experts believe they may result from temporary changes in blood flow or neurological activity related to vision. Common triggers include:2
- Stress
- Lack of sleep
- Dehydration
- Bright lights
- Hormonal changes
- Certain foods or beverages
Tracking symptoms and potential triggers may help identify patterns over time.2
When to Seek Medical Care
Although ocular migraines are often harmless, some symptoms can resemble more serious eye or neurological conditions. Seek medical attention if you experience:
- Vision loss in only one eye
- Symptoms lasting longer than one hour
- New or worsening migraine symptoms
- Persistent vision changes
- Weakness, numbness, or difficulty speaking3,4
Any sudden or unexplained change in vision should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.4
Sources
- Cleveland Clinic. Ocular Migraine.
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24961-ocular-migraine - NuVision Colorado. Understanding Ocular Migraines.
https://nuvisioncolorado.com/2025/05/28/understanding-ocular-migraines/ - Mayo Clinic. Ocular Migraine: When to Seek Help.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/expert-answers/ocular-migraine/faq-20058113 - Ross Eye Institute. Ocular Migraines: What They Are and When to Seek Care.
https://www.rosseye.com/ocular-migraines-what-they-are-and-when-to-seek-care